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no-till/straw return farming
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Evaluation of runoff and soil erosion under conventional tillage and no-till management: A case study in northeast Italy
Conservation agriculture, and in particular no-till systems, generally yield improvements in both soil char-acteristics (e.g. structure, and water holding capacity) and soil processes (such as runoff and hence erosion). Nevertheless, during the first years of no-till, the soil is prone to compaction due to the poor structure, missing ploughing activities, and passage of tractors and machinery, thus favouring surface runoff and soil erosion. After four years of using no-till practices, reductions of over 50% in runoff volumes and 50% to 95% in sediment losses were achieved.
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Effect of straw returning on soil organic carbon in rice–wheat rotation system: A review
We concluded that: in the rice–wheat rotation system, returning...rice straw and...wheat straw to the field helps increase the organic carbon content and quality of the soil and promotes high annual yields; conventional mixing of straw into the field can increase the organic carbon content of the soil in a short time; long-term use of concentrated ditch-buried straw return has obvious advantages over other straw returning methods in increasing the accumulation of soil organic carbon; the combination of little or no tillage plus straw returning helps increase the content and quality of organic carbon in soil.
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Energy budget and carbon footprint in a no-till and mulch based rice–mustard cropping system
No Till-Residue Retention also increased the energy use efficiency (EUE), energy productivity (EP), netreturns, and reduced carbon footprint of the system compared with those under Conventional Till-Residue Incorporation.
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Combining no-till with rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop mitigates nitrous oxide emissions without decreasing yield
Overall, N2O emissions in NT were 40–55% lower than in CT, for both in situ measurements (Period I) and modelled estimations. These differences could be ascribed to the higher waterfilled pore space (WFPS) and soil nitrate availability in CT than in NT. No-till also increased SOC content (28%; 0–5 cm) and earthworm abundance (5 times) compared with CT. The combination of NT and rye CC that led to the lowest N2O emissions and highest yields should be recommended in the Po Valley region.
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Cover crops during transition to no-till maintain yield and enhance soil fertility in intensive agro-ecosystems
Results from this 6-year field study evaluating the effects of soil tillage and cover crops on crop yield and on the status of soil fertility suggest that no-till (NT) coupled with winter cover crops (CCs) does not reduce crop yield even during the transition period, in a temperate climate and in silty-clay soil, compared with conventional tillage (CT).
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human waste fertilizer/composting
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The use of human urine as an organic fertilizer in the production of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in South Eastern Nigeria
The trial revealed...human urine is strongly alkaline in reactionwith moderate amount of nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Ca and Na)...Application of either urine or inorganic fertilizer significantly (P < 0.05) increased plant nutrient uptake compared with the control. Human urine applied at the rate of 20,000 L/ha in soils of Cross River State, with low nutrient status significantly increased the growth and yield of okra more than the inorganic fertilizer.
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Use of compost supplemented human urine in sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) production
The results of this study indicated that human urine performs better when used in combination with compost than alone and that it can be used as a promising fertilizer source in sweet pepper production. They also provide valuable insights into the effectiveuse of human urine for crop production.
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Human urine as a low cost and effective nitrogen fertilizer for bean production
Though yield produced by urine fertilized treatments were not comparable to the yield of industrial fertilized treatments; it has reached to a satisfactory level...If other nutrients, such as phosphorous and potassium can be supplied together, human urine can be considered as a potential nitrogen fertilizer in plant production
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carbon/ghg sequestration & reduction
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bat roosts as pest control & conservation measures
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Chirosurveillance: The use of native bats to detect invasive agricultural pests
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Bat pest control contributes to food security in Thailand
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The impact of ancient tree form on modern landscape preferences
- Empirical studies of the relationship between aspects of the landscape and human emotions have been fruitful over the last few decades. While this data has been useful to various disciplines, it has not lead to an explanatory theory as to why and how the landscape should have this affect. This paper proposes that the discipline of evolutionary psychology provides an explanatory theory. Rather than a broad explanation, evolutionary psychology drills down on ancient problems of survival and relates those problems to contemporary behavior. Our connection to tree canopy is used as an example of this approach.
Optimal running speed and the evolution of hominin hunting strategies
- The average speed of all observed persistence hunts was 1.72 m/s . It seems likely some mixture of walking and running speeds would be used, mitigating the cost of a hunt carried out solely at running speeds. For all male subjects and most female subjects, slowest running speed was the least efficient. Thus, selecting a slow steady running pace for a persistence hunt would not be a good choice.
- Optimal running speeds averaged 2.9 m/s/6.5 mph in femalesand 3.7 m/s/8.3 mph in males. Because our males were on average taller, longer limbed,and heavier than our females, we suspect that this is a simple consequence of size...Optimal running speed is significantly correlated with body mass.
gut colonization by Lactobacillis and Bifidobacterium after consuming (raw) dairy
plastic absorption
Widespread Occurrence of Bisphenol A in Daily Clothes and Its High Exposure Risk in Humans
Most Plastic Products Release Estrogenic Chemicals: A Potential Health Problem that Can Be Solved
Plastics derived endocrine-disrupting compounds and their effects on early development
Concentrations of bisphenol A and parabens in socks for infants and youngchildren in Spain and their hormone-like activities
Plastics Derived Endocrine Disruptors (BPA, DEHP and DBP) Induce Epigenetic Transgenerational Inheritance of Obesity, Reproductive Disease and Sperm Epimutations
ARkStorm Scenario, US Geological Survey (2011)(201p)
- An ARkStorm is a hypothetical but scientifically realistic "megastorm" scenario developed and published by the Multi Hazards Demonstration Project of the United States Geological Survey, based on historical occurrences. It describes an extreme storm that could devastate much of California, causing up to $725 billion in losses (mostly due to flooding), and affect a quarter of California's homes. Historical floods took place in: 212, 440, 603, 1029, 1300, 1418, 1750, 1810, and 1861.
